This function is defined as follows:
int scanf(char *format, args....) - reads from stdin and puts input in address of variables specified in args list. Returns number of chars read.
Format control string similar to printf
Note: The ADDRESS of variable or a pointer to one is required by scanf.
scanf(``%d'',&i);
We can just give the name of an array or string to scanf since this corresponds to the start address of the array/string.