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=> MicroEMACS 3.8 Help screens (01/18/87)

M- means to use the <ESC> key prior to using another key ^A means to use the control key at the same time as the A key

^V or [Pg Dn] Scroll down M-< or <HOME> Begining of file ^Z or [Pg Up] Scroll up M-> or <END> End of file

----------------------------------------------------------------------- => (1) MOVING THE CURSOR

^F Forward character M-F Forward word Keypad arrows ^B Backward character M-B Backward word are active! ^A Front of line M-G Goto a line ^E End of line ^N Next line M-N Front of paragraph ^P Previous line M-P End of paragraph ----------------------------------------------------------------------- => (2) DELETING & INSERTING

<-- Delete previous character ^D or <DELETE> Delete next character ^C or <INSERT> Insert a space M-<-- Delete previous word M-D Delete next word ^K Close (delete) to end of line ----------------------------------------------------------------------- => (2a) MORE DELETING & INSERTING

<RETURN> Insert a newline <TAB> Advance to next tab stop ^J Insert a newline and indent M-^W Delete paragraph ^O Open (insert) line ^W Delete region between mark (set using M-<spacebar>) and cursor M-W Copy region to kill buffer ^X ^O Delete blank lines around cursor ----------------------------------------------------------------------- => (3) SEARCHING

^S Search forward from cursor position. ^R Reverse search from cursor position. ^X S Forward incremental search ^X R Reverse incremental search <ALT> S Search for the next occurence of the last string (IBM-PC only) <ALT> R Search for the last occurence of the last string (IBM-PC only) ----------------------------------------------------------------------- => (4) REPLACING

M-R Replace all instances of first typed-in string with second typed-in string. End each string with ESC. M-^R Replace with query. Answer with: ^G cancel . exit to entry point ! replace the rest Y replace & continue ? Get a list of options N no replacement & continue ----------------------------------------------------------------------- => (5) CAPITALIZING & TRANSPOSING

M-U UPPERCASE word M-C Capitalize word ^T Transpose characters M-L lowercase word ^X ^L lowercase region ^X ^U uppercase region ^Q Quote next entry, so that control codes may be entered into text ----------------------------------------------------------------------- => (6) REGIONS & THE KILL BUFFER

M-<spacebar> set MARK at current position ^X ^X eXchange mark and cursor

A REGION will then be continuously-defined as the area between the mark and the current cursor position. The KILL BUFFER is the text which has been most recently saved or deleted. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- => (7) COPYING AND MOVING

^W Delete (Wipe) region M-W copy region to KILL buffer ^Y Yankback save buffer at cursor Generally, the procedure for copying or moving text is: 1) Mark a REGION using M-<spacebar> at beginning and cursor at end. 2) Delete it (with ^W) or copy it (with M-W) into the KILL buffer. 3) Move the cursor to the desired location and yank it back (with ^Y). ----------------------------------------------------------------------- => (8) MODES OF OPERATION ^X M Add mode in buffer M-M Add global mode ^X ^M Delete mode in buffer M-^M Delete global mode OVER Replaces (overwrites) rather than inserts characters WRAP Turns on word wrap (automatic carraige return). VIEW Allows viewing file without insertion and deletion. CMODE Automatic indenting for C program entry ASAVE Automatic saving of current buffer EXACT/MAGIC Changes how search and replace commands work (see next page) ----------------------------------------------------------------------- => (9) SEARCH AND REPLACE MODES

EXACT Uppper/lower case is not ignored in searches MAGIC Regular pattern matching characters are active . Matches any one character * Matches any any number of the preceding character ^ Beginning of line [ ] Character class enclosure $ End of line \ Quote next character ----------------------------------------------------------------------- => (10) ON-SCREEN FORMATTING

^X F Set fill column Mn-<tab> Set tab spacing to n charecters between tabs stops M-Q Format paragraph so that text lies between margins ^X = Position report -- displays line number, char count, file size and character under cursor M-^C Count words/lines/chars in marked region ----------------------------------------------------------------------- => (11) MULTIPLE WINDOWS

Many WINDOWS may be active at once on the screen. All windows may show different parts of the same buffer, or each may display a different one. ^X 2 Split the current window in two ^X O Change to next window ^X 0 delete current window ^X P Change to previous window ^X 1 delete all other windows M-^V Page down next window M-^Z Page up other window ----------------------------------------------------------------------- => (12) CONTROLLING WINDOWS AND THE SCREEN

^X ^ Enlarge current window M-<n> ^X W Resize window to <n> lines ^X ^Z Shrink current window M-<n> M-S Change screen to <n> lines ^X ^N Move window down M-<n> M-T Change screen to <n> columns ^X ^P Move window up M-^L Reposition window ^L Refresh the screen ----------------------------------------------------------------------- => (13) MULTIPLE BUFFERS A BUFFER is a named area containing a document being edited. Many buffers may be activated at once. ^X B Switch to another buffer. <CR> = use just-previous buffer ^X X Switch to next buffer in buffer list M-^N Change name of current buffer ^X K Delete a non-displayed buffer. ^X ^B Display buffer directory in a window ----------------------------------------------------------------------- => (14) READING FROM DISK

^X ^F Find file; read into a new buffer created from filename. (This is the usual way to begin editing a new file.) ^X ^R Read file into current buffer, erasing its previous contents. No new buffer will be created. ^X ^I Insert file into current buffer at cursor's location. ^X ^V Find a file to make current in VIEW mode ----------------------------------------------------------------------- => (15) SAVING TO DISK

^X ^S Save current buffer to disk or M-^\ Save current buffer to disk ^X ^W Write current buffer to disk ^X N Change file name of current buffer M-Z Write out all changed buffers and exit MicroEMACS

----------------------------------------------------------------------- => (16) ACCESSING THE OPERATING SYSTEM

^X ! Send one command to the operating system and return ^X @@ Pipe DOS command results to buffer ^X # Filter buffer through DOS filter program ^X C Start a new command processor under MicroEMACS ^X D Suspend MicroEMACS into the background (UNIX BSD4.2 only) ^X ^C Exit MicroEMACS ----------------------------------------------------------------------- => (17) KEY BINDINGS AND COMMANDS

M-K Bind a key to a command M-A Describe a class of commands M-^K Unbind a key from a command ^X ? Describe command bound to a key M-X Execute a named (and possibly unbound) command {Describe-bindings} Display a list of all commands and key bindings to a buffer ----------------------------------------------------------------------- => (18) COMMAND EXECUTION Commands can be specified as command lines in the form: <optional repeat count> {command-name} <optional arguments> {Execute-command-line} execute a typed in command line {Execute-buffer} executes commands lines in a buffer {Execute-file} executes command lines from a file {clear-message-line} clears the message line during execution M-~ clears the change flag for a buffer ----------------------------------------------------------------------- => (19) MACRO EXECUTION

^X ( Start recording keyboard macro ^X ) Stop recording keyboard macro ^X E Execute keyboard macro M-<n> {store-macro} Start recording named macro !endm Stop recording named macro {execute-macro-n} Execute macro n (where n is from 1 to 20) ----------------------------------------------------------------------- => (20) SPECIAL KEYS

^G Cancel current command and return to top level of processing. ^U or Universal repeat. May be followed by an integer (default = 4) M-<digit> and repeats the next command that many times. M-X Execute a named (and possibly unbound) command